Chinese mythology

Chinese mythology holds that the Jade Emperor was charged with running of the three realms: heaven, hell, and the realm of the living. The Jade Emperor adjudicated and meted out rewards and remedies to saints, the living, and the deceased according to a merit system loosely called the Jade Principles Golden Script. When proposed judgments were objected to, usually by other saints, the administration would occasionally resort to the counsels of advisory elders.The dozens of ethnic minority groups of the country of China have their own languages and their own folklore, and many have their own writing: much of which contains valuable historical and cultural information as well as many unique myths.

 Some myths are widely shared across multiple ethnic groups, but may exist as versions with some differences.

Historians have written evidence of Chinese mythological symbolism from the 12th century BC in the Oracle bone script. Legends were passed down for over a thousand years before being written in books such as Classic of Mountains and Seas. Other myths continued to be passed down through oral traditions like theater and song before being recorded as novels such as Epic of Darkness.

Chinese mythology refers to those myths found in the historical geographic area of China: these include myths in Chinese and other languages, as transmitted by Han Chinese as well as other ethnic groups (of which fifty-six are officially recognized by the current administration of China).Chinese mythology includes creation myths and legends, such as myths concerning the founding of Chinese culture and the Chinese state. As in many cultures' mythologies, Chinese mythology has in the past been believed to be, at least in part, a factual recording of history. Thus, in the study of historical Chinese culture, many of the stories that have been told regarding characters and events which have been written or told of the distant past have a double tradition: one which presents a more historicized and one which presents a more mythological version....

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Illyrians in Bosnia

Illyrians in Bosnia have had their own history. For some scientists, the inhabitants of Bosnia are descendants of Illyrians and Mataruga's surname is one of the evidences that there is still the last name that was during the Illiris at Misoča as it is written here by Misoča near Visoko. The Illyrians resisted the Romans for hundreds of years, while the Romans did not need iron, gold and silver ore, and they gathered all their power. The Desitines, the bravest Ilirsko tribe, lived in central Bosnia, and after the occupation of their territory by the Romans in 9th century did not have the whole story About this event but I will not mention it on this occasion. Illyrians survived and in time became citizens of the Roman Empire, but also the soldiers who could choose the Caesar. There were five Emperors of the Illyrian origin in the Roman Empire. The emperors of Illyrian origin were the first to be Dece, then Valentia, then Claudius I, And Probus.



 The Arabs lived modestly, they had their own traditional customs, and the academician Muhammad Filipovic also writes well, and he emphasizes that the people of Bosnia are descendants of Illyrians while some others deny it, and even Illyrians are not indigenous to the land of Bosnia. The great-great-great-white-shirt with white pants. I have a picture of my grandfather in this costume, along with his relatives and neighbors.



Then, it is interesting that the Roman soldier had to serve the army for 20 years, but he shared the prey so that he could take part of the land he occupied and settle there. The soldiers were pledged. The Libyan and the Roman roads are still used today through BiH but Historians need to reveal much more to make cubicles coincide. New tribes have been frequent protests by many peoples across BiH, so-called peoples of the 3rd to 7th So that the history of the Illyrians loses a lot especially with the arrival of Slovenes in the 6th century. But everything comes to an end as it came to those before them and to those after them .....

The picture shows the Illyrian tribes their names and in which part of BiH and the surrounding area they lived. Today there is a huge number of fortresses, other settlements and settlements where almost certainly the Dezitijati and their romanized descendants were inhabited, some of which were partially researched.







Then the Roman roads through B & H were of importance to Rome, but also to the people of BiH and the environment. The ancient roads made to Sirmium on the Danube, there are also camps with the army that protected the roads and Siermium, which made possible a good connection of this region with the central part of the state. The main route was from Salona (Adriatic Sea) to Sirmium, which was the main line of the movement of Roman legends and cultural and other influences of Rome. 



There were other paths and it led from Narona at Narrow Neretva to the Adriatic Sea towards Sirmium Which is the cetral point of Pannonia, this time led the valleys of the Neretva and Bosna valleys. For the third time, it led from the present Zadar Catcher towards the valley of the river Kupa and Sava to Sisak (Siscii) from where the upper stream of the Sava river to Slovenia and the Alps was flying.

Slovenia's Dalas in these spaces no one was worried. Why? 

The arrival of Slovenes announced the massacre of the population because the Slovenes were relentlessly killing both women and children and were described as devils because of the slaughter of over 7,000 women and children for only two days in 548 In Drač. But such massacres were still accounted for having killed and captured over 4 million people or most of the then population of the Roman province of Dalmatia, ie Ilirija (BiH Cultural History pp. 100-111).

tags:Illyrians in Bosnia,history,

Commercials Through History

According to Cambridge Advanced Learners Dictionary a commercial is an advertisement which is broadcast on television or radio. Due to shortness of this paper and broad spectre of meanings of commercials the paper will deal with a brief history of TV and radio commercials including some of the most interesting facts in relation with TV and radio ads.

How did it actually all begin? If we go way back in time, the old Egyptians used papyrus as a means to promote sale and different events which means that advertising is not that strange of a concept to the world. Since the invention of radio and later on TV, advertising has become a very effective means to different kinds of promotion.

“Broadcasting was originally developed as a means for companies to sell radios. But once commercial entities realized that many households were listening to their radios a significant amount of time every day, they started to explore this medium as a way to get their message across to the masses. If one has to choose a single event that began the era of radio broadcasting, it would probably be the radio program broadcast by station WEAF in New York City on August 28, 1922 This was a ten-minute advertisement for suburban apartment housing. By Christmas of that year, several major New York department stores joined the fray and were running advertisements for their stores.”

Since the first commercial aired the explosion of commercials started. A whole line of advertisement agencies were created to make commercials and to earn some profit out of it. The agencies were hiring creative people who would create ads and they even created a whole set of series intended to promote one product or another.

 The rest is history. Today, radio is a very powerful advertising tool. Millions of people still listen to radio daily because it has music, different kinds of shows intended for all ages and of course it airs commercials on regular basis. 

The radio of course is not a perfect tool for advertising since we have so many other means of promoting, but it certainly has some advantages:

• „Cheap – radio ads are cheaper to produce and can reach millions of people at the same time. The relative cost effectiveness is as compared to television ads, which are so much more expensive than any other form of advertising.


• Impact – the impact made by a radio ad is greater than the impact made by any other medium of advertising. This is because radio ads are played at a time that can target a particular section of society or the masses. And also because they are repeated every hour or half an hour, so the impact is maximum.


• Entertaining – leaving television ads aside, radio ads are the most entertaining way of advertising. The print media can get dull and boring, where as the radio allows for creativity in advertisements.


• Cost effective – for those on a budget, radio advertising is very cost effective. It is cheaper than television ads and more attractive than print. It is the most preferred medium of advertising for local small businesses.“

Radio commercial surely have some advantages and these are:

• Short life span – unless it is a very catchy jingle on the radio, most people forget about radio ads in a day. This is because most are jingles that last for 30 seconds and are heard a few times a day and then they go off the air. The life span of that ad is over and done with and people will just as soon forget about the ad and the product or service it was for.


• Cost fluctuation – the problem with radio advertising is that the cost can fluctuate depending on the time slot selected.

Years passed, and television became a totally new invention that had sound and images. The advertising industry was now faced with a completely new situation, and was very cautious when considering the possibility of TV ads. The problem occurred when a doubt appeared: whether to consider a TV ad same as a radio commercial but with pictures, or do they need a completely new approach in handling TV ads? Advertising agencies came up with an idea to create a whole set of series dedicated to promote a single product like Coke Time, Colgate Comedy hour etc.

This idea was good for a while but the more people had TVs the more money companies needed to pay in order to have their own series that promoted their products.

“NBC executive Sylvester L. "Pat" Weaver came up with a solution that would work and would also be very favorable to the networks. He introduced the "magazine concept" of television advertising. In this arrangement, the sponsors would purchase blocks of time (typically one to two minutes) in a show rather than be a sponsor for an entire show.”

This idea called the magazine concept allowed all companies to have their products promoted during different kinds of show, but the original plan was to have four commercials during one show. As television became more popular more and more companies wanted their products to be promoted on TV, so the system of “four per show” was terminated, and today, we can see more commercials than the movie or show itself.

 According to fMRI scans which demonstrate that the two parts of the brain most stimulated when watching audio-visual material (like TV and cinema) are the amygdalla (emotion) and the hippocampus (long term memory encoding). Emotions and long term memory = where brands live. Neuroscience studies from a variety of media companies (Viacom, GMTV and PHD) have confirmed this finding. This discovery shows that TV advertising definitely is a more powerful tool in promoting than radio, and today the most powerful one.
“This evolution of magazine concept advertising is truly the birth of most modern television advertising. The one exception is the infomercial which is really a throwback to the sponsored show model used in the early days of television advertising.